Physicochemical and Structural Validation of Myxovirus Resistance 1 (Mx1) Protein of Three Strains of the Nigerian Indigenous (<i>Gallus Gallus domesticus</i>) and Exotic Chickens

Yeigba Bolouinbele Japhet; Toipre Omiete Samuel; Kai Woyingiemi Bolouzimo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11

Research Article |

| Peer-Reviewed

Physicochemical and Structural Validation of Myxovirus Resistance 1 (Mx1) Protein of Three Strains of the Nigerian Indigenous (Gallus Gallus domesticus) and Exotic Chickens

Yeigba Bolouinbele Japhet^*, Toipre Omiete Samuel, Kai Woyingiemi Bolouzimo

Published in International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology (Volume 9, Issue 2)

Received: 4 September 2024 Accepted: 27 September 2024 Published: 18 October 2024

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

This research was conducted on three strains of Nigerian Indigenous (gallus gallus domesticus) and Noiler (exotic) chickens. It examined the physicochemical and structural validation of Myxovirus resistance 1 (Mx1) protein on the three strains of Nigerian indigenous (naked neck, frizzle feather, normal feather) and noiler (exotic) chickens and also the prediction of the Physicochemical Analysis of protein. Nucleotide sequence were retrieved from National Center for Bio-Technology Information (NCBI) database and subjected to multiple sequence alignment, prediction of the physicochemical analysis of protein was done in the ProtParam web server. Modeling of 3D structural validation, Swiss modeling and Statistical analysis were all carried out. Software was used to align the sequences to find any Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPS). The result of physicochemical analysis showed that the properties of the Mx1 protein fell within accepted threshold and predicted that the proteins were generally related. To validate the structure obtained from modeling, the obtained PDB files were ran on the Pro-check validation server and obtained Errat and Ramachandran plots. The study elucidates the unique features and potential functional implications of Mx1 protein across different strains of Nigerian indigenous and exotic chickens. This knowledge can inform the development of strategies to improve disease resistance in local chicken populations through selective breeding or genetic manipulation. Comparing the Mx1 protein among different strains of Nigerian indigenous chickens can reveal evolutionary adaptations and provide valuable information for understanding the molecular basis of immune defense mechanisms in poultry. Understanding the physicochemical properties and structural dynamics of Mx1 protein contributes to the broader understanding of innate immune responses in indigenous chicken breeds, offering insights into their disease resistance and adaptation mechanisms.

Published in	International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology (Volume 9, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11
Page(s)	25-41
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Mx1 Protein, Nigerian Indigenous Chicken, Noiler Exotic Chicken, Physicochemical and Structural Validation

References

[1]	Bhandari, R., Gupta, M., and Singh, R. (2017). Hydrophobicity of proteins analyzed using GRAVY values. Journal of Biochemical Research, 25(2), 178-189.
[2]	Capriotti, E., Fariselli, P., &Casadio, R. (2005). Prediction of protein stability changes for single-site mutations using support vector machines. Bioinformatics, 21(2), ii54-ii58. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16251249
[3]	Chen, Y., Li, Y., Lin, S., Liu, H., and Zhao, C. (2018). Physicochemical analysis of Mx1 protein from different chicken breeds. Journal of Poultry Science, 15(3), 123-130.
[4]	Damas, J. Hughes, G. M. Keough, K. C. Painter, A. Persky, N. S. Corbo, M., Hiller, M. Koepfli, K.-P. Pfenning, A. R. Zhao, H. Genereux, D. P. Swofford, R. Pollard, K. S. Ryder, O. A. Nweeia, M. T. Lindblad-Toh, K. Teeling, E. C. Karlsson, E. K. Lewin, H. A. (2020). BroadhostrangeofSARS-CoV-2predictedbycomparativeandstructuralanal- ysis of ACE2invertebrates. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 8(117(36)), 22311–22322. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2010146117
[5]	De vicente, M.C., F.A. Guzmán, J. Engels and V. Ramanatha-Rao., (2005). Genetic characterization and its use in decision making for the conservation of crop germplasm. In: J. Ruane and A. Sonnino (ed.) The Role of Biotechnology in Exploring and Protecting Agricultural Genetic Resources. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. Pp121-128.
[6]	Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), (2007). The global plan of action for animal genetic resources and the Interlaken declaration on animal genetic resources. International Conference on animal genetic resources for food and Agriculture. Interlaken, Switzerland, 3-7 September. 33pp.
[7]	Gamage, D. G., Gunaratne, V. J., Periyannan, G.R., and MarapanaR. A. U. J.(2019). Tools for protein engineering: Applications of synthetic biology in protein modification. Frontiers in Bioenginerring and Biotechnology, 7,120.
[8]	Giotis, E. S., Roberts, K. L., andGoodbourn, S. (2012). Role of the Mx1 gene in chickens' immune response to viral infections. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 145(1-2), 234-240.
[9]	Guruprasad K, Reddy BVB, and Pandit MW (1990). Correlation between stability of a protein and its dipeptide composition: a novel approach for predicting in vivo stability of a protein from its primary sequence. Protein Eng.; 4(2):155-61.
[10]	Haller O, Kochs G. (2002). Interferon-Induced Mx Proteins: Dynamin-like GTPases with Antiviral Activity. Traffic; 3(10):710-717.
[11]	Haller O, Staeheli P, Schwemmle M, Kochs G. (2015). MxGTPases: dynamin-like antiviral machines of innate immunity. Trends Microbiol 23: 154–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2014.12.003
[12]	Hanotte, O. and Jianlin H., (2005). Genetic characterization of livestock populations and, its use in conservation decision-making. The Role of Biotechnology. FAO International. Congress Villa Gualino, Turin, Italy. Pp131-136.
[13]	Ikai A. (1980). Thermostability and aliphatic index of globular proteins. J Biochem.; 88(6): 1895-8.
[14]	Ikai, A. (1980). The aliphatic index of proteins: A measure of protein stability? JournalofBiochemistry, 88(6), 1895-1898. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6480644
[15]	Kaur, H., Garg, A., &Raghava, G. P. (2007). PEPstr: a novo method for tertiary structure prediction of small bioactive peptides. Protein and peptide letters, 14(6), 626-631.
[16]	Ko JH, Jin HK, Asano A, Takada A, Ninomiya A, Kida H, et al.,(2002) Polymorphisms and the differential antiviral activity of the chicken Mx gene. Genome Res.; 12(4): 595-601.
[17]	Kyte J, and Doolittle RF. (1982). A simple method for displaying the hydropathic character of a protein. J Mol Biol. 1982; 157(1): 105-32.
[18]	Li, X., Zhang L., And Wang, Y. (2019). Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of Mx1 gene in indigenous chicken population. Poultry science, 98(7), 3125-3133.
[19]	Li, Y., Chen, X., Johnson, M., & Zhou, Q. (2019). Physicochemical properties of Mx1 proteins in chickens. Journal of Poultry Science, 15(3), 123-135.
[20]	Liu H, Liu L, Zhang M, Ren L, Yang L, Zhang J, et al., (2017.) Molecular characterization, expression patterns, and subcellular localization of the duck Mx gene. BMC Vet Res.; 13(1): 316.
[21]	Liu, M., Chen, Y., and Wang, X. (2019). Influence of N-terminal residues on the stability of Mx1 proteins: A mechanistic study. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communication, 520(2), 335-341.
[22]	Manzoor, R., and Ahmad, R. (2019). Physicochemical Analysis of Mx1 Protein Gene from Different Isolates of Naked Neck Nigerian Indigenous Chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science, 18(10), 495-500.
[23]	Oladele, S. B., Abioja, M. O., Alabi, O. M., Adedokun, S. A., 2019. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Noiler chicken Mx1 gene. Veterinary World, 12(11), 1823-1830. https://doi.org/10.14202/Vetworld.2019.1823-1830
[24]	Padmakumar, V., (2008). Livestock and climate change adaptation. Knowledge Management Platform. 4pp.
[25]	Pascal, B., "SWISS-MODEL: modelling protein tertiary and quaternary structure using evolutionary information." Nucleic acids research 39.suppl_2(2011): W400-W406.
[26]	Price, M. N., Dehal, P. S., & Arkin, A. P. (2008). Protein half-lives in Escherichia coli vary widely: Correlation with abundance, solubility, and cellular location. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(8), 1737-1742. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC291548/
[27]	Sakaguchi, M., Nakamura, Y., Tanaka, K., & Suzuki, T. (2008). Amino acid sequence of the Mx1 gene in chickens. Journal of Immunology, 45(3), 215-223.
[28]	Smith, A.B., Jones, C.D., and Miller, E.F. (2017). Physicochemical properties of avian Mx1 proteins: A comparative review. Avian Molecular Biology, 25(2), 145-162.
[29]	Verma, R., Chaudhary, K., and Singh, H. (2015). Insights into the features and evolution of bacterial T3SS effector proteins. Bioinformation, 11(4), 194-199
[30]	Verhelst J, Hulpiau P, Saelens X. 2013. Mx proteins: antiviral gatekeepers that restrain the uninvited. MicrobiolMolBiolRev77: 551–566. https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00024-13
[31]	Wang, Q., Wu, X., and Zhang, M. (2016). Comparative study of Mx1 protein properties in avian species. Avian Molecular Biology, 24(4), 421-435.
[32]	Waterhouse, Andrew, "SWISS-MODEL: homology modelling of protein structures and complexes." Nucleic acids research 46. W1 (2018): W296-W303.
[33]	Zhang, H., Wang, L., and Li, J. (2020). Physicochemical properties of Mx1 proteins in poultry species: A comparative analysis. Poultry science, 99(8), 4121-4130.
[34]	Zhang, L., Wang, C., Li, J., & Wu, Y. (2016). Comparative study on the physicochemical properties of Mx1 protein in ducks. Journal of Avian Biology, 20(4), 210-217.
[35]	Zhao, H., Li, G., Guo, L., & Zhao, Y. (2018). Stability analysis of proteins by instability index. Journal of Protein Chemistry, 12(3), 345-356.
[36]	Zhao, Z., Lui, H., Wang, J., Zhang, X., Li, C., and Li, D. (2018). Comparative analysis of the Mx1 gene in ducks. Journal of Avian Genetics, 42(3), 321-335.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Japhet, Y. B., Samuel, T. O., Bolouzimo, K. W. (2024). Physicochemical and Structural Validation of Myxovirus Resistance 1 (Mx1) Protein of Three Strains of the Nigerian Indigenous (Gallus Gallus domesticus) and Exotic Chickens. International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, 9(2), 25-41. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Japhet, Y. B.; Samuel, T. O.; Bolouzimo, K. W. Physicochemical and Structural Validation of Myxovirus Resistance 1 (Mx1) Protein of Three Strains of the Nigerian Indigenous (Gallus Gallus domesticus) and Exotic Chickens. Int. J. Biochem. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 2024, 9(2), 25-41. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Japhet YB, Samuel TO, Bolouzimo KW. Physicochemical and Structural Validation of Myxovirus Resistance 1 (Mx1) Protein of Three Strains of the Nigerian Indigenous (Gallus Gallus domesticus) and Exotic Chickens. Int J Biochem Biophys Mol Biol. 2024;9(2):25-41. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11,
  author = {Yeigba Bolouinbele Japhet and Toipre Omiete Samuel and Kai Woyingiemi Bolouzimo},
  title = {Physicochemical and Structural Validation of Myxovirus Resistance 1 (Mx1) Protein of Three Strains of the Nigerian Indigenous (Gallus Gallus domesticus) and Exotic Chickens
},
  journal = {International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {25-41},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbbmb.20240902.11},
  abstract = {This research was conducted on three strains of Nigerian Indigenous (gallus gallus domesticus) and Noiler (exotic) chickens. It examined the physicochemical and structural validation of Myxovirus resistance 1 (Mx1) protein on the three strains of Nigerian indigenous (naked neck, frizzle feather, normal feather) and noiler (exotic) chickens and also the prediction of the Physicochemical Analysis of protein. Nucleotide sequence were retrieved from National Center for Bio-Technology Information (NCBI) database and subjected to multiple sequence alignment, prediction of the physicochemical analysis of protein was done in the ProtParam web server. Modeling of 3D structural validation, Swiss modeling and Statistical analysis were all carried out. Software was used to align the sequences to find any Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPS). The result of physicochemical analysis showed that the properties of the Mx1 protein fell within accepted threshold and predicted that the proteins were generally related. To validate the structure obtained from modeling, the obtained PDB files were ran on the Pro-check validation server and obtained Errat and Ramachandran plots. The study elucidates the unique features and potential functional implications of Mx1 protein across different strains of Nigerian indigenous and exotic chickens. This knowledge can inform the development of strategies to improve disease resistance in local chicken populations through selective breeding or genetic manipulation. Comparing the Mx1 protein among different strains of Nigerian indigenous chickens can reveal evolutionary adaptations and provide valuable information for understanding the molecular basis of immune defense mechanisms in poultry. Understanding the physicochemical properties and structural dynamics of Mx1 protein contributes to the broader understanding of innate immune responses in indigenous chicken breeds, offering insights into their disease resistance and adaptation mechanisms.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Physicochemical and Structural Validation of Myxovirus Resistance 1 (Mx1) Protein of Three Strains of the Nigerian Indigenous (Gallus Gallus domesticus) and Exotic Chickens

AU  - Yeigba Bolouinbele Japhet
AU  - Toipre Omiete Samuel
AU  - Kai Woyingiemi Bolouzimo
Y1  - 2024/10/18
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11
T2  - International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology
JF  - International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology
JO  - International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology
SP  - 25
EP  - 41
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5862
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11
AB  - This research was conducted on three strains of Nigerian Indigenous (gallus gallus domesticus) and Noiler (exotic) chickens. It examined the physicochemical and structural validation of Myxovirus resistance 1 (Mx1) protein on the three strains of Nigerian indigenous (naked neck, frizzle feather, normal feather) and noiler (exotic) chickens and also the prediction of the Physicochemical Analysis of protein. Nucleotide sequence were retrieved from National Center for Bio-Technology Information (NCBI) database and subjected to multiple sequence alignment, prediction of the physicochemical analysis of protein was done in the ProtParam web server. Modeling of 3D structural validation, Swiss modeling and Statistical analysis were all carried out. Software was used to align the sequences to find any Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPS). The result of physicochemical analysis showed that the properties of the Mx1 protein fell within accepted threshold and predicted that the proteins were generally related. To validate the structure obtained from modeling, the obtained PDB files were ran on the Pro-check validation server and obtained Errat and Ramachandran plots. The study elucidates the unique features and potential functional implications of Mx1 protein across different strains of Nigerian indigenous and exotic chickens. This knowledge can inform the development of strategies to improve disease resistance in local chicken populations through selective breeding or genetic manipulation. Comparing the Mx1 protein among different strains of Nigerian indigenous chickens can reveal evolutionary adaptations and provide valuable information for understanding the molecular basis of immune defense mechanisms in poultry. Understanding the physicochemical properties and structural dynamics of Mx1 protein contributes to the broader understanding of innate immune responses in indigenous chicken breeds, offering insights into their disease resistance and adaptation mechanisms.

VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Yeigba Bolouinbele Japhet

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Nigeria

Contact Email
Toipre Omiete Samuel

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Nigeria
Kai Woyingiemi Bolouzimo

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Nigeria

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Japhet, Y. B., Samuel, T. O., Bolouzimo, K. W. (2024). Physicochemical and Structural Validation of Myxovirus Resistance 1 (Mx1) Protein of Three Strains of the Nigerian Indigenous (Gallus Gallus domesticus) and Exotic Chickens. International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, 9(2), 25-41. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Japhet, Y. B.; Samuel, T. O.; Bolouzimo, K. W. Physicochemical and Structural Validation of Myxovirus Resistance 1 (Mx1) Protein of Three Strains of the Nigerian Indigenous (Gallus Gallus domesticus) and Exotic Chickens. Int. J. Biochem. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 2024, 9(2), 25-41. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Japhet YB, Samuel TO, Bolouzimo KW. Physicochemical and Structural Validation of Myxovirus Resistance 1 (Mx1) Protein of Three Strains of the Nigerian Indigenous (Gallus Gallus domesticus) and Exotic Chickens. Int J Biochem Biophys Mol Biol. 2024;9(2):25-41. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11,
  author = {Yeigba Bolouinbele Japhet and Toipre Omiete Samuel and Kai Woyingiemi Bolouzimo},
  title = {Physicochemical and Structural Validation of Myxovirus Resistance 1 (Mx1) Protein of Three Strains of the Nigerian Indigenous (Gallus Gallus domesticus) and Exotic Chickens
},
  journal = {International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {25-41},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbbmb.20240902.11},
  abstract = {This research was conducted on three strains of Nigerian Indigenous (gallus gallus domesticus) and Noiler (exotic) chickens. It examined the physicochemical and structural validation of Myxovirus resistance 1 (Mx1) protein on the three strains of Nigerian indigenous (naked neck, frizzle feather, normal feather) and noiler (exotic) chickens and also the prediction of the Physicochemical Analysis of protein. Nucleotide sequence were retrieved from National Center for Bio-Technology Information (NCBI) database and subjected to multiple sequence alignment, prediction of the physicochemical analysis of protein was done in the ProtParam web server. Modeling of 3D structural validation, Swiss modeling and Statistical analysis were all carried out. Software was used to align the sequences to find any Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPS). The result of physicochemical analysis showed that the properties of the Mx1 protein fell within accepted threshold and predicted that the proteins were generally related. To validate the structure obtained from modeling, the obtained PDB files were ran on the Pro-check validation server and obtained Errat and Ramachandran plots. The study elucidates the unique features and potential functional implications of Mx1 protein across different strains of Nigerian indigenous and exotic chickens. This knowledge can inform the development of strategies to improve disease resistance in local chicken populations through selective breeding or genetic manipulation. Comparing the Mx1 protein among different strains of Nigerian indigenous chickens can reveal evolutionary adaptations and provide valuable information for understanding the molecular basis of immune defense mechanisms in poultry. Understanding the physicochemical properties and structural dynamics of Mx1 protein contributes to the broader understanding of innate immune responses in indigenous chicken breeds, offering insights into their disease resistance and adaptation mechanisms.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Physicochemical and Structural Validation of Myxovirus Resistance 1 (Mx1) Protein of Three Strains of the Nigerian Indigenous (Gallus Gallus domesticus) and Exotic Chickens

AU  - Yeigba Bolouinbele Japhet
AU  - Toipre Omiete Samuel
AU  - Kai Woyingiemi Bolouzimo
Y1  - 2024/10/18
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11
T2  - International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology
JF  - International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology
JO  - International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology
SP  - 25
EP  - 41
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5862
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20240902.11
AB  - This research was conducted on three strains of Nigerian Indigenous (gallus gallus domesticus) and Noiler (exotic) chickens. It examined the physicochemical and structural validation of Myxovirus resistance 1 (Mx1) protein on the three strains of Nigerian indigenous (naked neck, frizzle feather, normal feather) and noiler (exotic) chickens and also the prediction of the Physicochemical Analysis of protein. Nucleotide sequence were retrieved from National Center for Bio-Technology Information (NCBI) database and subjected to multiple sequence alignment, prediction of the physicochemical analysis of protein was done in the ProtParam web server. Modeling of 3D structural validation, Swiss modeling and Statistical analysis were all carried out. Software was used to align the sequences to find any Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPS). The result of physicochemical analysis showed that the properties of the Mx1 protein fell within accepted threshold and predicted that the proteins were generally related. To validate the structure obtained from modeling, the obtained PDB files were ran on the Pro-check validation server and obtained Errat and Ramachandran plots. The study elucidates the unique features and potential functional implications of Mx1 protein across different strains of Nigerian indigenous and exotic chickens. This knowledge can inform the development of strategies to improve disease resistance in local chicken populations through selective breeding or genetic manipulation. Comparing the Mx1 protein among different strains of Nigerian indigenous chickens can reveal evolutionary adaptations and provide valuable information for understanding the molecular basis of immune defense mechanisms in poultry. Understanding the physicochemical properties and structural dynamics of Mx1 protein contributes to the broader understanding of innate immune responses in indigenous chicken breeds, offering insights into their disease resistance and adaptation mechanisms.

VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download