Cyclophilins: The Structure and Functions of an Important Peptidyl-prolyl Isomerase
Mukhtar Idris,
Mujeebat Idris,
Fadahunsi Adeola,
Divine Mensah Sedzro
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, June 2019
Pages:
1-6
Received:
2 May 2019
Accepted:
5 June 2019
Published:
28 June 2019
Abstract: Cyclophilins are a subgroup of highly conserved protein family immunophilins which are peptidyl-prolyl isomerases that interconvert between the cis and trans positions. They can act as chaperones in maintaining conformational quality control of proteomes. They are structurally conserved throughout evolution and have been found in mammals, plants, insects, fungi, and bacteria. They share a common fold architecture consisting of 8 antiparallel beta sheets and two alpha helices that pack against the sheets. They exist in the cellular compartment of most tissues and encode special functions. Intracellular Cyclophilins are secreted from cells in response to inflammatory stimuli and can mediate intercellular communication. Pro-inflammatory signals may be stimulated by extracellular Cyclophilin. Overexpression of Cyclophilins can contribute to pathological conditions. Cyclophilins are involved in the pathogenesis of viral infection, neurodegenerative diseases, ageing and cancer. Exhibiting several molecular functions, Cyclophilins can bind to cyclosporine and calcium-dependent ser/thr Calcineurin and has been used to describe the immunosuppressive action of cyclosporine. Cyclophilin can stabilize the cis-trans conformation transition state and speed up isomerization steps in protein folding. This process is important in the assembly of multiple domain proteins. Their existence as foldases and molecular chaperones enable them to be able to assist in the covalent folding or unfolding and the assembly or disassembly of other macromolecular structures.
Abstract: Cyclophilins are a subgroup of highly conserved protein family immunophilins which are peptidyl-prolyl isomerases that interconvert between the cis and trans positions. They can act as chaperones in maintaining conformational quality control of proteomes. They are structurally conserved throughout evolution and have been found in mammals, plants, i...
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"First Detection of PER-Type Extended-Spectrum β-lactamases at Saint Camille Hospital Center of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso "
Rahimatou Yasmine Tiemtoré,
Amana Mètuor-Dabiré,
Theodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon,
Yasmine Aminata Bangré,
Serge Sougue,
Jacob Zongo,
Jacques Simpore
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, June 2019
Pages:
7-12
Received:
14 May 2019
Accepted:
17 June 2019
Published:
28 June 2019
Abstract: Resistance to a wide variety of common antimicrobials is observed among clinical strains designated as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers. They produce enzymatic proteins that effectively inactivate cephalosporins and aztreonam and are a serious global health problem that complicates treatment strategies. Many studies report a high prevalence of ESBL producers among Gram-negative bacilli. The purpose of this work was to identify of PER resistance gene in enterobacterial strains. Gram-negative bacilli resistant to at least one third-generation cephalosporin, Aztreonam or showing a synergistic image between amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and a third generation cephalosporin were isolated during an antibiogram. Antibiotic resistance was detected for the following antibiotics: Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime and Aztreonam. A classical polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the β-lactamase PER (Pseudomonas Extended Resistance) gene was performed using specific primers in 60 ESBL-producing isolates. Among 250 strains of Gram negative bacilli collected, 60 strains (24%) showed resistance to antibiotics used. Stool samples are a major source of ESBL producers. The highest prevalence of resistant strains was observed in Escherichia coli with a rate of 35%. Among the producers of ESBL isolates, the presence of the PER gene was detected in the present study by up to 15% in 6 bacterial species. This study represents the first detection of the PER gene in Burkina Faso.
Abstract: Resistance to a wide variety of common antimicrobials is observed among clinical strains designated as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers. They produce enzymatic proteins that effectively inactivate cephalosporins and aztreonam and are a serious global health problem that complicates treatment strategies. Many studies report a high prev...
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Evaluation of Mineral Profile and Selected Component of Improved Onion (Allium cepa L.) Varieties in Ethiopia
Kebede Dinkecha,
Yohannes Habteyesus
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, June 2019
Pages:
13-18
Received:
15 May 2019
Accepted:
20 June 2019
Published:
25 September 2019
Abstract: Because of its significant ingredient in various dishes, medicinal property, nutritional worth and energy value, red onions (Allium cepa L.) impart numerous health benefits to users. The purpose of this research was to determine mineral composition and selected physicochemical properties of different red onion (Allium cepa L.) varieties grown at same field management condition in Ethiopia as well as comparative study among varieties and between study varieties and standard reference. All field and laboratory data was analyzed using statics 10.0 soft ware and the result of both macro and micro nutrient mineral content in the onion bulbs revealed significant difference among the varieties at (P<0.05). Comparative study was conducted to investigate the mineral composition between studied improved varieties and standard reference and the result showed that Ethiopian onion cultivars were high in Na (147.75 – 189.05ppm), K (10219 – 11013ppm) and Ca (1223.2 – 1566.9ppm, Mg (609.07 – 703.56ppm), TP (2609.7 – 3055.8ppm), S (456.40 – 540.34ppm), Cu (2.179 – 2.47) and Fe (48.353 – 61.43ppm) content than standard (40.0, 1460, 230, 100, 1642.3, 168.0, 0.403 and 21.0ppm respectively) but low in Mn (9.55 – 14.457), Zn (14.84 – 22.483) and B (4.81 – 6.02ppm) than standard (12.9, 17.0, 6.10ppm) respectively). The result of soil data for both macro and micronutrient were low in the studied area.
Abstract: Because of its significant ingredient in various dishes, medicinal property, nutritional worth and energy value, red onions (Allium cepa L.) impart numerous health benefits to users. The purpose of this research was to determine mineral composition and selected physicochemical properties of different red onion (Allium cepa L.) varieties grown at sa...
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